Which of the following anions would precipitate the most in the reaction of sodium salts with magnesium chloride? What could be done to increase the solubility of the precipitate?

Md Ariful Islam

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Md Ariful Islam

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Likely, sulfate... but you would have to do the experiment yourself to verify this.

...And this reaction is given by...

$"Na"_2"SO"_4(aq) + "MgCl"_2(aq) -> "NaCl"(aq) + "MgSO"_4(s)$

$s_(MgSO_4) ~~ "35.1 g/100 mL water"$ at $25^@ "C"$

which is quite high. But contrary to common expectation, by boiling, the solubility decreases.

Magnesium sulfate is one of the only examples I can think of that . You can read more about this , but in short...

Increasing the temperature for $"MgSO"_4(aq)$ shifts the equilibrium between crystallization and [dissolution + solvation], towards crystallization, because . $DeltaH ~~ -"91.2 kJ/mol"$.

As for the others...

$s_(Mg(HCO_3)_2) = "0.077 g/100 mL water"$ at $25^@ "C"$

$s_(MgCO_3) = "0.0139 g/100 mL water"$ at $25^@ "C"$

$s_(Mg(NO_3)_2) = "large"$ at $25^@ "C"$

And the first two clearly precipitate at room temperature and pressure. Where on Wikipedia did I get this data?

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