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The for any element is the number of protons in its atomic nuclei. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons are the same as the number of protons. The (mass number) is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. can vary due to the fact that the number of neutrons can vary. are named for their mass numbers.

So, this element has 15 protons (atomic number), 15 electrons, and 16 neutrons (mass number minus atomic number).

This isotope is phosphorus-31, which has atomic number 15.