How to Use English Punctuation Correctly

Using English Punctuation Correctly

English punctuation can be complex and subtle. However, there are some basic rules that can help you use punctuation correctly. Here's a guide to help you punctuate your English writing accurately:

Periods

Periods are used to mark the end of a sentence.

• When using a period, be sure to place it at the end of the sentence - not in the middle.
• When abbreviating, use only one period unless the abbreviation has two parts (e.g., “Dr.” or “Mr.”)

Commas

Commas can be used to add clarity and flow to a sentence.

• When using a list of words or phrases in a sentence, use a comma to separate each item.
• When making a pause in a sentence, add a comma.
• When introducing a direct quote, use a comma.

Quotation Marks

Quotation marks can be used to quote someone else's words or to emphasize a phrase.

• When referring to someone else's words, place the quotation marks around the exact words of the speaker.
• When emphasizing a phrase, place quotation marks only around the emphasized words or phrases.
• Always use double quotation marks.

Colons and Semicolons

Colons and semicolons are used to introduce lists or separate two independent clauses.

• When introducing an itemized list, use a colon.
• When connecting two independent clauses, use a semicolon.
• When introducing an example or explanation, use a colon.

Apostrophes

Apostrophes can be used to show ownership or to create contractions.

• When indicating possession, place an apostrophe before the “s” if singular and after the “s” if plural.
• When contracting two words, use an apostrophe to replace the omitted letters (e.g., “don't”).

Hyphens

Hyphens are used to connect words or parts of words.

• When combining words or syllables in order to form a compound word, use a hyphen (e.g., “well-known”).
• When connecting certain prefixes and suffixes to words, use a hyphen (e.g., “re-create”).