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i)Do beta memory cells or plasma cells produce antibodies during a secondary immune response?
ii)Do plasma cells or beta lymphocytes produce antibodies during primary immune response?
I) Beta memory cells or plasma cells rapidly and efficiently produce antibodies during a secondary immune response incase of re-infection. ii) The beta lymphocytes recognize native antigen via their BCR...
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at whish level (secondary or primary) protein becomes functional?
Protein becomes functional when it folds into three-dimensional (tertiary structure) form. Primary structure is the sequence of amino acid residues. Secondary structure refers to particularly stable arrangements of amino acid...
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how to get amines from oleic acid(fattyacid)....can we prepare amines from beef tallow from laboratory.
R-COOH + Ag+ -----gt; R-COOAg +H+ R-COOAg + Br2-------gt;R-Br + CO2 + AgBr R-Br + NH3------gt;R-NH2 + HBr Tallow consists mainly of triglycerides (fat), whose major constituents are derived from...
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which having higher C=O ir frequency Cis or trans unsaturated esters? Why?
The C-O stretch occurs as two bands, one stronger and broader than the other, at 1300 ndash; 1000 cm-1. Only those vibrations are IR active which involve the change in...
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Some amides are reported to have antibacterial activity. Discuss the feature that is common to amides with antibacterial activity, mechanism of action and applications
Amongst the diverse and potent biological activities of amides is the ability to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. The antibacterial properties of amides are used by many organisms...
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Why are esters more reactive than amides. Use resonance to explain
The nitrogen in amides is more effective donor by resonance as compare to oxygen in esters.
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amines
Amines are organic compounds that contain nitrogen atoms with a lone pair. Basically, they are derived from ammonia (NH3) in which one or more hydrogen atom is replaced by an alkyl...
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Carboxylic acids and their reactions (as acids; addition-elimination to form esters)
Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain carboxyl group -COOH.Reactions as acids. Carboxylic acids react with bases and salts. Examples:RCOOH + NaHCO3 = RCOONa + H2O + CO22RCOOH + Ca(OH)2...
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Amines are less basic than amides true/false
Amides are less basic than amines because of the effect of C=O group. The lone pair of electrons is delocalized between nitrogen and oxygen atoms in amides, while it is...
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<ul><li>What property of amines is responsible for them being basic? </li><li>Suggest two ways of increasing the basicity of an amine and give specific examples of its application.</li></ul>
a) Amines have a lone electron pair on N atom, which determines amines basic properties.b) The first way is to change the solvent. For example, in acetic acid amines are...
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