Explain the nucleotide structure and main features of the following nucleic acids: • DNA – stages and enzymes involved in DNA replication • RNA – mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, siRNA

Md Ariful Islam

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There are three main steps to DNA replication: initiation, elongation, and termination. In order to fit within a cell's nucleus, DNA is packed into tightly coiled structures called chromatin, which loosens prior to replication, allowing the cell replication machinery to access the DNA strands.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. mRNA is produced in the nucleus, as are all RNAs.The other two forms of RNA, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA), are involved in the process of ordering the amino acids to make the protein. rRNA becomes part of the ribosome, which is the site of protein synthesis, and tRNA brings an amino acid to the ribosome so it can be added to a growing chain during protein synthesis. There are numerous tRNAs, as each tRNA is specific for an amino acid.

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2.3) Discuss the functions of mRNA, rRNA and tRNA during protein synthesis.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules carry the coding sequences for protein synthesis and are called transcripts; ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules form the core of a cell's ribosomes (the structures in which protein synthesis takes...

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What are the functional roles of tRNA and rRNA?Explain how these are structurally different and where are these RNAs found in cell?

tRNA or transfer RNA plays a key role in translation, the process of synthesizing proteins from amino acids in a sequence specified by information contained in messenger RNA. During this process,...

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b) What are the functional roles of tRNA and rRNA? Explain how these are structurally different and where are these RNAs found in cell?

tRNA is responsible for reading the codon of messenger RNA and insertion of codon specific amino acids during translation. The structure consists of hydrogen bonded stems and associated loops, which often contain nucleotides...

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Look at DNA, a polymer, and nucleotide, a monomer, on the nucleic acid page. There are sugar molecules within these structures. How many sugar molecules are in DNA and the nucleotide

5 carbon-sugar

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EXPLAIN SEMI - CONSERVATIVE REPLICATION OF DNA . WHAT ARE THE ENZYMES INVOLVED IN THIS PROCESS ? WRITE THEIR FUNCTIONS .

Semi-conservative replication creates two copies, each containing one of the original (parental) chains and one new (daughter).Helicase splits the chains of a double stranded DNA moleculePrimase synthesizes a short RNA...

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The importance of capping in translation is? a. Cap is identified by 30S subunit of the riboso b. Cap is identified by tRNA c. Cap is identified by 28S rRNA d. Cap is identified by 16S rRNA​

b. Cap is identified by tRNACapping protects mRNAs at their termini against attack by phosphatases and other nucleases and promotes mRNA function at the level of initiation of translation.

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Is the Phosphate group found in nucleotide of nucleic acids derived from H3PO4? What is the source of PO4 group of a nucleotide found in nucleic acids?

You are right, the phosphate group comes from inorganic phosphate. During glucose metabolism, glucose -6- phosphate is formed due to phosphate donated by ATP. Glucose-6-phosphate can be converted into ribulose-5-phosphate...

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Definition of cryptic satellite DNA: A satellite DNA sequence that cannot be separated from the main-band DNA by density gradient ultracentrifugation. What's the meaning of main-band DNA.?

Main-band DNA is the DNA sequences, which do not contain the satellite DNA or other repeated sequences. It is the empirical name, which was given to bands on electrophoregram, which...

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1 What is the difference between dna ligase dna pol I and dna pol delta 2 does okazaki fragments joining begin during replication or after the end of elongation of replication?!

1. DNA ligase is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a phosphodiester bond between two DNA strands joining them together. DNA ligase is present in eukaryotes and prokaryotes and...

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GENE F DNA: TAG TAG TCT mRNA: tRNA: AMINO ACID SEQUENCE: TRAIT: GENE G DNA: CCA TCC TTT GGG mRNA: tRNA: AMINO ACID SEQUENCE: TRAIT: GENE H DNA: CCA CAT AAT mRNA: tRNA: AMINO ACID SEQUENCE: TRAIT:

TAC/TTC/AAA/CCG/CGT/GGG/ATTmRNA code can be derived as follows. In RNA instead of Thymine (T) you have Uracil (U)mRNA string will have the complementary base pair to the DNA stringComplementary paring -A-T...

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