How is ATP synthase created? What is the DNA sequence that codes for it? How can it be related to the transcription/translation process and how enzymes are created?

Md Ariful Islam

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Md Ariful Islam

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ATP synthase consists of 2 regions:1. the FO portion is within the membrane. 2. The F1 portion of the ATP synthase is above the membrane, inside the matrix of the mitochondria. The FO region of ATP synthase is a proton pore that is embedded in the mitochondrial membrane. It consists of three main subunits A, B, and C, and (in humans) six additional subunits, d, e, f, g, F6, and 8. Subunit A- Human Gene ATP6, B- ATP5F1, C- ATP5G1, ATP5G2, ATP5G3. F1-ATP synthase subunits: Subunit alpha - Human Gene ATP5A1, ATPAF2; beta - ATP5B, ATPAF1, C16orf7; gamma - ATP5C1; delta- ATP5D; epsilon- ATP5E.
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4. How might similarities and differences in genetic codes, or the proteins built as a result of these codes, be used to determine how closely related different species are?

The universality of the genetic code is generally regarded by biologists as definitive evidence in favor of the theory of universal common descent. Proteins with the same three-dimensional structure need...

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. How might similarities and differences in genetic codes, or the proteins built as a result of these codes, be used to determine how closely related different species are?

The level of similarities in nucleotides sequenceof genome between different species may say how close they are.

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(b) For the given DNA coding sequence, generate an RNA sequence. DNA Sequence: CGATGCCTCGCTAGAGGCTCGAAAGCTCTTTCGGAGATAATCG RNA Sequence: String Parenthesis Representation: Arch Diagram:

An RNA sequence only differs from a DNA sequence by a changes in T for U base. From that DNA sequence the RNA sequence will be as follow.GCUACGGAGCGAUCUCCGAGCUUUCGAGAAAGCCUCUAUUAGCFrom this DNA...

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How might similarities and differences in genetic codes, or the proteins built as a result of these codes, be used to determine how closely related different species are?

One way that researchers assessed protein similarities was by harnessing the immune system's ability to recognize foreign proteins. For example, the immune system of a rabbit will recognize a human...

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Describe how genetic information is expressed as proteins. In you answer, describe DNA replication, transcription and translation.

The expression of genetic information as protein is a complex process consisting of several steps. Genetic information is encoded in DNA that represents a linear sequence of nucleotides. The first...

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1.6) Discuss Mitchell’s chemiosmotic hypothesis of ATP generation in mitochondria (discuss the roles of the electron transport chain, proton gradient and ATP synthase complex).

The chemiosmotic hypothesis was proposed by Peter Mitchell. This hypothesis stated that a proton-motive force was responsible for driving the synthesis of ATP. In this hypothesis, protons would be pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane as electrons went through the electron...

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1) Enzymes are in which state of matter (solid, liquid, gas)? 2) Can enzymes be converted into solid state? 3) Do enzymes function if they are converted into solid state?

Solution1.Enzymes are generally in fluid form to enable them carry out metabolic functions2. Enzymes can be converted to solid state3. Converting leads to denaturing of the enzymes, the active side...

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DNA is directly involved as a template in the following processes, except _________. 1 replication 2 transfection 3 translation 4 transcription 5 mutation

Transcription

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DNA is directly involved as a template in the following process except 1) Replication 2) Transfection 3) Translation 3) Transcription 4) Mutation

Translation

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GENE F DNA: TAG TAG TCT mRNA: tRNA: AMINO ACID SEQUENCE: TRAIT: GENE G DNA: CCA TCC TTT GGG mRNA: tRNA: AMINO ACID SEQUENCE: TRAIT: GENE H DNA: CCA CAT AAT mRNA: tRNA: AMINO ACID SEQUENCE: TRAIT:

TAC/TTC/AAA/CCG/CGT/GGG/ATTmRNA code can be derived as follows. In RNA instead of Thymine (T) you have Uracil (U)mRNA string will have the complementary base pair to the DNA stringComplementary paring -A-T...

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