Why are sperm and egg haploid cells?

Md Ariful Islam

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Sperm and egg undergo fusion to a zygote. The zygote will undergo developmental stages and growth to eventually form an individual of a specie.

The number of chromosomes must be constant in a specie. To maintain a constant number of chromosomes in the gamete cells undergo . Meiosis is the reduction division because it reduces the number of chromosome. It only occurs in diploid cells and reduces the diploid cells (2n) to haploid cells (n) eg: gamete cells.

Both gametes after meiosis will have half the number of chromosomes and when fusion occurs the original chromosome number is restored ensuring constant number of chromosomes in species.

To simply say it if gametes are not haploid the same chromosome number in species will not be retained.

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What is the name of the process that occurs when a sperm penetrates an egg?

In a broader context it can also be called amphimixis or syngamy.

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How many chromosomes are in a sperm cell from an animal whose somatic cells have 32 chromosomes (2n=32)? If 2n=32, how many chromosomes are in a haploid cell?

So in an animal with 32 (2n) chromosomes in somatic cell, number of chromosomes in sperm will be 16 (n).

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Is it true that your somatic cells have chromosomes just like the ones in your dad's sperm and your mom's egg, but that those chromosomes are not so similar to the chromosomes that your dad had in his somatic cells? How can this be explained?

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