How do you identify whether a functional group is acidic or basic? For example, which of these functional groups are acidic and which are basic? - Hydroxyl - Carbonyl - Carboxyl - Amino - Sulfhydryl - Phosphate

A functional group is like a family. It is a predictor of sorts. Just like looking at fruit, you know what an apple is going to taste like by looking...

Any functional group that has these can hydrogen-bond with neighboring molecules: $"C"="O"$ (hydrogen-bond acceptor) $"C"-"O"-"C"$ (hydrogen-bond acceptor) [some] $"C"-"NR""$ (hydrogen-bond acceptor) $"C"="NR"$ (hydrogen-bond acceptor) $"C"-"OH"$ (hydrogen-bond donor AND acceptor)...

The polarity depends on the electronegativity difference in the functional group.

Carbohydrates have the formula $C_x(H_2O)_y$ and contain the ether linkage C—O—C aka the glycosidic linkage. Proteins are polyamides containing the functional group CONH, i.e. the amide linkage Lipids are...

You may be asking about , which resemble a hydroxyl group ($-"OH"$), so compounds that only contain $-"SH"$ as a unique functional group are named based off of the original...

The is really a special case of dipole forces. A hydrogen bond is the attractive force between the H attached to an electronegative atom of one molecule and an electronegative...

This group would be called the amine or the amino group. This group is obtained by replacing one hydrogen atom of the ammonia molecule $(NH_3)$ by an aryl group or...

Of course, the solvents that contain this group are water, $OH_2$ and various alcohols, $ROH$. Typical of these solvents is the phenomenon of hydrogen bonding, an attractive intermolecular force between...

$H_3C-C(=O)OH$, acetic acid, $HC(=O)OH$, formic acid, $H_2NCH_2C(=O)OH$, glycine. Of course, glycine forms a zwitterion in aqueous solution: $H_3^+NCH_2C(=O)O^-$.

Carbohydrate---alcohol and (aldehyde or ketone) --------------carboxylic acid with long hydrocarbon chains (usually above 16 C long) ----------amino acids (various R groups[check this question ]) which has amino and...